Safety

As a pediatric critical care nurse and doctor, we've seen injury and death from each one of these.

Water Safety
Do you have a pool, pond, or other body of water on your property? Make sure it's enclosed with a self-latching gate Barriers reduce risk by 83% (AAP). Teach your child how to swim ---Enrolled in lessons Drowning is the leading cause of unintentional injury death in ages 1–4 (CDC, 2022). 4LK Healthcare recommends if you have a pool be CPR certified or at least be trained in CPR and absolute must have an eye on your child, seconds matter.

Firearm Safety
Are there any firearms in the home or vehicles? Make sure they're stored locked and unloaded. Ammunition should be stored separately --- Homes with unlocked firearms increase risk of injury/death 4–10x (JAMA, 2000). 4LK Healthcare recommends storing your firearms locked and unloaded.

Fire and Burn Safety
Do you have smoke alarms on every level and near bedrooms? Test your smoke alarms monthly Do you have a carbon monoxide detector? if not why not? Make sure hot liquids and handles of pots are kept out of reach. Have a fire escape plan and practice with your children. --- Functioning smoke alarms reduce fire death risk by >50% (NFPA, AAP). 4LK Healthcare recommends checking alarms frequently and have fire extinguishers in each bedroom and at least Kitchen and know exit plan. Be mindful of hot liquids, severe scald burns tend to do worse than flame.

Car and Road Safety
Does your child always ride in an age-appropriate car seat/booster? Is the seat rear-facing if under 2 years old (or as long as possible)? Make sure your the car seat installed correctly and fastened appropriately? You should lock parked cars to prevent children from playing inside. --- Car seat use reduces injury risk by 71% for infants and 54% for toddlers (NHTSA). 4LK Healthcare recommends knowing each of your childs' age and the proper car safety precautions.

Poison Prevention
Are all medications, cleaners, and chemicals stored locked and out of reach? Poison Control number (1-800-222-1222) have it easily accessible. Keep medications in original, labeled containers with child-proof caps. --- 93% of poisonings occur at home; proper storage reduces risk significantly (AAP). 4LH Healthcare recommends storing all medication in original containers, keeping cleaners, and chemicals locked and out of reach of children. Have poison control number: 1-800-222-1222 readily accessible. Do not place antifreeze or other cleaning supplies in different containers and if you have button batteries must keep away from children (choking and critical injury alert).

Fall and Head Injury Prevention
Are windows above ground level locked or protected with guards? Make sure stairs are secured with gates for young children? Make sure your child wears a helmet for biking, scooters, or skateboards. Make sure furniture edges and corners protected with safety bumpers. --- Falls are the #1 cause of nonfatal injury in kids under 15 (CDC, 2023). 4Lk Healthcare recommends proper home safety, stair safety, helmets safety, and stroller safety. Children in a stroller should always be secured.

Electrical and Choking Hazards
Are electrical outlets covered with safety plugs? Make sure all cords from blinds or curtains are secured and out of reach. Keep small objects (e.g., coins, magnets, button batteries) out of reach of small children. --- Button batteries can cause severe injury in under 2 hours (AAP, 2022). 4Lk Healthcare recommends proper home safety, electrical outlet covers, cords and curtains secured properly, small choking hazard objects are out of reach especially button batteries.

Animal Safety
Do you have pets at home? Make sure pets are always supervised around children, especially under 5 years old. Vaccinate your pets. --- Half of dog bite injuries occur in children under age 12 (CDC). 4Lk Healthcare recommends children are always supervised around pets and animals. All pets should have proper vaccinations especially rabies and don’t rescue wild animals especially bats.
References:
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American Academy of Pediatrics (2021–2023) Policy Statements
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CDC WISQARS Injury Data, 2022
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National Fire Protection Association
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NHTSA Child Passenger Safety Guidelines
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JAMA: Grossman et al. Firearm Safety Counseling, 2000
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Pediatrics: Button Battery Injuries, 2022